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- BUSINESS, Page 54The Empire Shrinks BackCampeau gives up his crown jewel, but will it be enough?
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- Sometimes, winning your heart's desire is the first step toward
- losing it. Canadian developer Robert Campeau is learning that
- lesson, and has only begun to pay the price. A onetime machinist's
- apprentice and a self-made real estate tycoon, Campeau, 66,
- borrowed his way to the top shelf of the U.S. retailing industry.
- He spent $3.6 billion in 1986 to buy the Allied group of stores
- (holdings: Brooks Brothers, Bonwit Teller and Jordan Marsh). Last
- year he won a $6.6 billion bidding war with R.H. Macy for control
- of Federated Department Stores, a costly victory that gained him
- a crown jewel for his retailing kingdom: Federated's glittering,
- 17-store Bloomingdale's chain. But now Campeau is being forced to
- put Bloomie's on the block as his highly leveraged empire begins
- to crumble.
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- Bloomingdale's may fetch as much as $2 billion in an auction
- that is expected to attract bidders from Manhattan to Tokyo. Among
- them is Marvin Traub, chairman of the chain, who is planning a
- management-led buyout. But selling Bloomie's will not be enough.
- Campeau's firm conceded last week that it may default on $1.27
- billion in fourth-quarter debt payments. The disclosure sent prices
- of Allied junk bonds plunging 20% in value in just one day, while
- Federated's fell 13%.
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- In Toronto trading in the company's shares was halted for three
- days while the firm scrambled to meet a Friday deadline for
- repayment of loans from its U.S. investment bankers: First Boston,
- Paine Webber and Dillon, Read. Campeau averted the crisis by
- arranging a $250 million loan from real estate giant Olympia &
- York, a major Campeau stockholder owned by Toronto's Reichmann
- family. As a result, Campeau's controlling interest in the firm he
- founded in 1949 slipped below a majority stake, from 53% to about
- 43%, while the Reichmann holdings increased from 24.5% to some 35%.
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- Campeau had created problems for himself at a headlong pace.
- Even as he scooped up retailers, Campeau made plans to build dozens
- of big department stores. While he spun off such acquisitions as
- Brooks Brothers and Bonwit Teller to pay part of his $11 billion
- debt, he insisted that his remaining chains could churn out enough
- cash to make interest payments, finance expansion and yield profits
- as well. Instead, the cash registers rang slowly as the retailing
- industry suffered from stagnant consumer spending.
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- Campeau has created a vicious cycle in his stores. After losing
- a combined total of $306 million during the first half of 1989,
- Allied and Federated face a cash crunch just when they must stock
- up for the holiday shopping season. In a Securities and Exchange
- Commission filing made public last week, Allied said its "needs are
- far greater than its resources."
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- Bloomingdale's plans to mount its usual theatrical holiday
- display of luxury goods. But by the time the gold, frankincense and
- furs are gone, the mecca for wealthy consumers may be yielding its
- profits to a new owner. Campeau, meanwhile, must find more ways to
- meet $1 billion in annual interest payments. Says retailing analyst
- Walter Loeb: "He's going to have to sell more than just
- Bloomingdale's to get out of the hole he's dug for himself."